lattice-system

Legacy long-form records: Fermions and Hubbard models, part 1

Interim authority. These records contain long statement and implementation-history cells moved from the legacy catalogue tables for readability. Each record is linked exactly once from its original table position.

Interim catalogue

Record from former line 2596

Lean name: fermionTotalSpinSquared_eq_cartesianSqSum / attractiveHubbardFullSectorGround / attractiveHubbardFullSectorGround_le_balanced / attractiveHubbardFullSectorGround_unique_singlet

File: Fermion/JordanWigner/Hubbard/LiebAttractiveFullSectorUnique.lean, Math/AngularMomentum/Multiplet.lean, Math/CommutingHermitianEigenvector.lean (PR #4946)

Statement and implementation chronicle:

The full Ne-sector ground eigenspace is the balanced singlet (Tasaki §10.2.1 Theorem 10.2, full-sector lift, PR-D’ #4852): with E_bal = E_full in hand, the whole-sector ground eigenspace G_full := (Ĥ = E_full) ⊓ (N̂ = Ne) is shown to be ≤ 1-dimensional and a spin singlet. Ŝ³ (fermionTotalSpinZ) commutes with Ĥ and , so it preserves G_full, and (being diagonal on the computational basis) its eigenspaces span ;

hence Submodule.eq_iSup_inf_genEigenspace gives the weight decomposition G_full = ⨆ μ, G_full ⊓ eigenspace(Ŝ³, μ) (mirror of the t-J tJ_groundSubmodule_eq_iSup_inf_eigenspace). Each nonzero-weight block is : diagonalising the Casimir Ŝ² inside a weight-μ block (exists_eigenvector_in_invariant_submodule) yields a joint (Ĥ, N̂, Ŝ³ = m, Ŝ² = Jr(Jr+1)) eigenstate χ ≠ 0 with m ≠ 0, so Jr ≥ |m| > 0;

for even Ne the weight m is an integer (N̂_↑ = Ne/2 + m ∈ ℕ), so the SU(2) multiplet of χ (ham_su2_multiplet_companion, Theorem A.16, whose commuting-operator tracker propagates both Ĥ and through the ladder) contains a nonzero weight-0 companion Ψ at E_full and number Ne — a balanced state at E_bal = E_full, hence a singlet Ŝ²Ψ = 0 (balancedGround_totalSpinSquared_eigenvalue_zero), contradicting Ŝ²Ψ = Jr(Jr+1)Ψ ≠ 0. Thus G_full ⊆ (Ŝ³ = 0), i.e. G_full ≤ balancedGroundEigenspace, giving finrank ℂ G_full ≤ 1 (balanced_ground_eigenspace_finrank_le_one) and the singlet property. The Casimir identity (Ŝ_tot)² = (Ŝ⁽¹⁾)² + (Ŝ⁽²⁾)² + (Ŝ³)² (fermionTotalSpinSquared_eq_cartesianSqSum, via the ladder commutator Ŝ⁺Ŝ⁻ − Ŝ⁻Ŝ⁺ = 2Ŝ³) bridges the engine’s Casimir and fermionTotalSpinSquared. Axiom-free. Plain-space uniqueness+singlet milestone feeding the eventual Euclidean IsUniqueGroundStateOn discharge (PR-E).